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Industrial compression refrigerators consume substantial electric
power to compress the large volume of refrigerant vapor. In ammonia
absorption refrigeration, the vapor is dissolved in water, and pumped
to high pressure. The following sequence summarizes the operation :
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Refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, instead of going to
compressor, goes to an absorber, where it is dissolved with lean
ammonia-water at
low pressure. |
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The rich ammonia-water mixture is pumped to high pressure. As
the volume handled is much lower, the pump consumes only a fraction
of the compressor power. |
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To separate the binary mixture, now at high pressure, it is heated
with steam (or other heating media). Ammonia gas separates from the
mixture. |
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Ammonia gas is purified in a rectification column. The lean
mixture left
behind is cooled through solution exchangers, and returned to the
absorber to dissolve more ammonia. |
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Purified ammonia vapor goes to the condenser where it is cooled to
liquid, and returned to the evaporator to close the refrigeration
cycle. |
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